What is the summary of the relevant knowledge content of horizontal sterilizers?

I. Principles and Scope of Application

Horizontal sterilizers use saturated steam sterilization. When steam condenses, a large amount of latent heat is released, placing the sterilized items in a high-temperature and humid state. After a certain period of time, all bacteria and spores are destroyed, achieving the purpose of sterilization. Widely used in medical, food, pharmaceutical industries and research institutions. Sterilizing surgical instruments, dressings, drugs, culture media, food, etc.

II. Structural Characteristics

The main body of the horizontal sterilizer is a closed double-layer structure. It consists of a sterilization chamber and a steam jacket. External steam enters the jacket directly through an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve. When the steam fills the jacket, the sterilizer wall is also heated. The electromagnetic valve is installed between the sterilization chamber and the jacket. During operation, simply press the "ENT" switch on the sterilization controller, and the pressure steam will enter the sterilization chamber from the jacket through the electromagnetic valve. It can also meet the requirements of preheating and drying the sterilized items.

The pressure gauge, sterilization controller, rapid cooling switch, and power switch of the horizontal sterilizer are installed on the left side for easy operation and observation.

The top of the horizontal sterilizer is equipped with a spring-type safety valve. When the pressure inside the sterilizer exceeds the maximum allowable range, it automatically opens and discharges the overpressure steam. When the steam pressure in the sterilizer drops to normal, it automatically closes to ensure safe use.

The jacket of the horizontal sterilizer is covered with a lid. The space between the lid and the outer wall of the jacket is filled with high-performance insulation aluminum silicate cotton, which helps save energy and prevents excessive environmental temperature increase.

The door of the horizontal sterilizer opens quickly in radiation mode and is equipped with a safety interlock device. The door must be closed before it can be opened, and the steam must be exhausted before it can be opened, ensuring safe use.

The horizontal sterilizer is equipped with a "condensate control valve", which is used to discharge air and condensate from the sterilizer, allowing the sterilization chamber to reach the corresponding temperature under working pressure and ensuring the sterilization effect.

The drying system uses a liquid ring vacuum pump to repeatedly forcibly extract air from the sterilization chamber and repeatedly inject saturated steam, making the sterilization process thorough, short in time, and with good drying effect. The equipment is equipped with a pressure controller, a device that maintains steam pressure.

Precautions for using a horizontal sterilizer:

1. Different types of items should not be sterilized at the same time. For example, dressings and solutions, rubber and instruments, etc. to avoid neglecting one and failing to achieve good results.

2. In case of power failure or accident, immediately cut off the power supply and open the condensate control valve and drain valve to allow the steam in the jacket and inner layer to be discharged in time, and the pressure gauge returns to the "0" position. Accidents should be marked on the sterilizer and dealt with promptly.

3. When using electric heating, the three-phase power supply must be balanced, otherwise the fuse or heating tube is easily burned out. The water level should be observed frequently. If the water level is low, add water in time. Regularly remove scale from the conductive columns.

4. The pressure gauge and safety valve should be checked regularly. If any faults or damage are found, they should be repaired or replaced in time. The handle of the safety valve should be lifted once or twice a week to keep it flexible. 5. Electrical connectors should be checked frequently to prevent loosening. The equipment should be properly grounded to ensure safety.

6. Keep the sterilizer clean and dry, especially when not in use for a while, wipe it clean to prevent corrosion, and lubricate the rotating parts in time.

7. Avoid corrosion of stainless steel by chloride ions, and note that the chloride ion content in the water used must not exceed 25 ppm.

8. The sterilizer should be operated under good conditions and regularly maintained to ensure normal operation.